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Also, the semi-empirical models, which usually are appropriate alternatives for uneconomic CFD numerical simulations, are focused and stagnated on CF-only VIV of rigid and elastic cylinders.
Semi-empirical modelling of CF-only VIV
A timeline of the activities performed for development and improvement of these semi-empirical models is shown in Figure 2.8.
In one of the most influential studies on semi-empirical models, [66] showed that fluctuating lift force exerted to an elastically mounted circular cylinder by vortex-shedding can be modelled via a van der Pol equation as:
For example, Figures 2.9, similar to Figure 2.5 (b), depicts the effect of mass ratio on the lock-in range and the corresponding predictions of this semi-empirical model for three aforementioned coupling scenarios.
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